Effect of negative regulation of nucleophosmin 1 by long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific transcript 5 on cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) growth arrest specific transcript 5(GAS5) negatively regulating nucleophosmin 1(NPM1) on cisplatin(DDP) resistance of gastric cancer cells.Methods The normal human gastric mucosa cell line GES-1 and human gastric cancer cell lines BG3-823,MGC-803 and AGS were selected as the research objects,of which the level of LncRNA GAS5 in each cell was measured by qRT-PCR.The drug resistance of AGS cells to DDP(AGS/DDP) was induced,and the experiment was divided into control group,empty plasmid group(BC group),GAS5 nonsense interference group(pLJM-GAS5 NC group) and GAS5 overexpression group(pLJM-GAS5 group).MTT method was used to determine the effect of DDP on the proliferation of AGS and AGS/DDP cells;and the levels of NPM1,multidrug resistance 1(MDR1),excision repair cross complementation group 1(ERCC1),multidrug resistance-associated protein 1(MRP1) and N-cadherin in AGS and AGS/DDP cells were measured by Western blot.Results Compared with the normal gastric mucosa GES-1 cells,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in BG3-823 and AGS cells decreased significantly,and among them,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS cells was the lowest,so AGS cells were used for the follow-up experiments.Compared with the control group,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS cells of BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group decreased significantly,while the levels of NPM1,MDRl,ERCC1,MRP1 and N-cadherin increased significantly;compared with BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group,the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS/DDP cells of pLJM-GAS5 group increased significantly,while the levels of NPM1,MDR1,ERCC1,MRP1 and N-cadherin decreased significantly;after treatment with DDP of the same concentration(except 0 μmol/L),compared with the control group,the inhibition rate of AGS/DDP cell proliferation in BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group decreased significantly;compared with BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group,the inhibition rate of AGS/DDP cell proliferation in pLJM-GAS5group was significantly higher.The semi inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) of DDP on AGS/DDP cells in pLJM-GAS5 group for 48 h was(65.38±5.04) μmol/L,which was significantly lower than(120.74±4.17) μmol/L and(120.24±4.29) μmol/L in BC group and pLJM-GAS5 NC group.Conclusion Up-regulating the level of LncRNA GAS5 in AGS/DDP cells can reverse the drug resistance of AGS/DDP cells,which may be related to the down-regulation of NPM1expression

Herbal Textual Research on Forsythiae Fructus in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In this paper， the name， origin， medicinal properties， specifications， clinical efficacy， producing area， quality evaluation and processing methods of Forsythiae Fructus in the famous classical formulas are researched by consulting related herbal literature， medical books and prescription books. The results showed that Forsythiae Fructus was sourced from Hypericum ascyron and its genus plants before Song dynasty， and it is used as medicine in many parts. After Song dynasty， Forsythiae Fructus is sourced from the fruit of Forsythia suspensa. Since the Ming dynasty， Forsythiae Fructus is divided into Qingqiao and Laoqiao according to different harvesting time. According to the research results， it is suggested to refer to the following suggestions for the application of Forsythiae Fructus in the development of famous classical formulas：①F. suspensa should be chosen as the origin since the Ming and Qing dynasties. ②If there is no special requirement for the source of prescriptions， it is recommended that Laoqiao be used in famous classical formulas since the Ming and Qing dynasties. ③The harvest time of Qingqiao should be from July 15th to August 15th， and Laoqiao should be in September， and it should be the husk after the seeds have been removed.

Deep chemical identification of phytoecdysteroids in Achyranthes bidentata Blume by UHPLC coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and targeted isolation / 中国天然药物

Achyranthes bidentata Blume is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine with the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys and strengthening muscles and bones. In this work, a rapid and simple strategy was developed for characterizing phytoecdysteroids by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with liner ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization in the negative mode. As a result, 47 phytoecdysteroids were unambiguously or tentatively characterized. Among them, seven known compounds were identified according to the reference standards along with molecular formula, retention time and fragmentation patterns, while others were mostly potential new compounds. Through targeted isolation, the structures of three new compounds were determined by NMR spectra, which were consistent with LC-MS characterization. The present study provides an efficient method to deeply characterize phytoecdysteroids.

Chemical profiling of Huashi Baidu prescription, an effective anti-COVID-19 TCM formula, by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS / 中国天然药物

Huashi Baidu prescription (HSBDF), recommended in the Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Pneumonia (On Trials, the Seventh Edition), was clinically used to treat severe corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with cough, blood-stained sputum, inhibited defecation, red tongue etc. symptoms. This study was aimed to elucidate and profile the knowledge on its chemical constituents and the potential anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. In the study, the chemical constituents in extract of HSBDF were characterized by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS in both negative and positive modes, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to determine the effects of HSBDF in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that a total of 217 chemical constituents were tentativedly characterized in HSBDF. Moreover, HSBDF could alleviate the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the cell models, indicating that the antiviral effects of HSBDF might be associated with regulation of the inflammatory cytokines production in RAW264.7 cells. We hope that the results could be served as the basic data for further study of HSBDF on anti-COVID-19 effect.

Impact of post-thoracotomy analgesia with dexmedetomidine and morphine on immunocytes: a randomized clinical trial / Impacto da analgesia pós-toracotomia com dexmedetomidina e morfina em imunócitos: estudo randomizado

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the impact of post-thoracotomy analgesia with dexmedetomidine and morphine on immunocytes. Methods A total of 118 patients with post-thoracotomy Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCIA) in our hospital from March 2016 to July 2018 were randomly selected and divided into the Composite (COM) Group (57 patients administered with dexmedetomidine [1.0 µg.kg-1 body weight] and morphine [0.48 mg.kg-1 body weight]) and the Morphine (MOR) group (61 patients administered with morphine [0.48 mg.kg-1]). The values of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) and Natural Killer cells in the peripheral blood of these two groups were detected by FACSCalibur flow cytometry at different time points (before anesthesia induction [T0], immediately after tracheal extubation [T1], 12 hours after surgery [T2], 24 hours after surgery [T3], 48 hours after surgery [T4], 72 hours after surgery [T5], and 7 days after surgery [T6]). The doses of morphine at T3 to T5 and the adverse reactions between the two groups were also recorded and compared. Results The CD3+ level and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio at T2 to T5 and the CD4+ level and NK cells at T3 to T5 were significantly higher in the COM Group than in the MOR Group (p< 0.05). The postoperative morphine dose and the incidence of postoperative itching, nausea, and vomiting were significantly lower in the COM Group than in the MOR Group (p< 0.05). Conclusions Dexmedetomidine combined with morphine for post-thoracotomy PCIA can improve the function of immunocytes, reduce morphine consumption, and reduce the adverse reactions during analgesia induction.

Resumo Objetivo Estudar o impacto em linfócitos causado pelo uso da dexmedetomidina associada à morfina para analgesia pós-toracotomia. Método Um total de 118 pacientes utilizando Analgesia Intravenosa Controlada pelo Paciente (AICP) pós-toracotomia em nosso hospital, de março de 2016 a julho de 2018, foram selecionados aleatoriamente e divididos em dois grupos: o Grupo Combinado [COM, 57 pacientes que receberam dexmedetomidina (1,0 µg.kg-1 de peso corpóreo) associada à morfina (0,48 mg.kg-1 de peso corpóreo)] e o Grupo Morfina [MOR, 61 pacientes, que receberam somente morfina (0,48 mg.kg-)]. Os valores dos subconjuntos de linfócitos (CD3+, CD4+ e CD8+) e das células NK no sangue periférico desses dois grupos foram medidos por citometria de fluxo FACSCalibur em diferentes momentos do estudo [antes da indução anestésica (T0), imediatamente após extubação traqueal (T1), 12 horas após a cirurgia (T2), 24 horas após a cirurgia (T3), 48 horas após a cirurgia (T4), 72 horas após a cirurgia (T5) e 7 dias após a cirurgia (T6)]. As doses de morfina do momento T3 ao T5 e as reações adversas entre os dois grupos também foram registradas e comparadas. Resultados O nível de CD3+ e a razão CD4+/CD8+ de T2 a T5, e o nível de CD4+ e as células NK de T3 a T5 do Grupo COM foram significantemente maiores (p< 0,05) quando comparados ao Grupo MOR. A dose de morfina no pós-operatório e a incidência de prurido, náusea e vômito no pós-operatório foram significantemente menores no grupo MOR (p< 0,05). Conclusões Dexmedetomidina combinada com morfina para AICP no período pós-toracotomia pode melhorar a função dos linfócitos, reduzir o consumo de morfina e diminuir reações adversas durante a analgesia.

Study on residues of heavy metals and harmful elements in Qingqiao and Laoqiao based on chemometrics / 中国中药杂志

Forsythiae Fructus is divided into Qingqiao and Laoqiao due to different harvesting periods. So far, the accumulation of heavy metals in the two types of Forsythiae Fructus has not been reported. In this study, the residual levels of copper(Cu), lead(Pb), chromium(Cr), arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd) and mercury(Hg) in 29 batches of Laoqiao and 60 batches of Qingqiao were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The samples were collected from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, and Hebei Provinces. In addition, the diversity and correlation of harmful elements in Qingqiao and Laoqiao were analyzed by multivariate statistical method. Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) was used to analyze the harmful elements concentrations of Qingqiao and Laoqiao. The results showed that there was a significant difference on the residual levels of heavy metals and harmful elements between Qingqiao and Laoqiao. Among them, the content of Pb in Laoqiao is significantly higher than that in Qingqiao(P<0.01), while the content of Cu is significantly lower than that in Qingqiao. However, the difference in harmful elements among different producing areas of Forsythiae Fructus is not significant. PCA analysis showed that Qingqiao and Laoqiao were successfully grouped into two categories. This study suggests significant difference in the residual levels of heavy metals and harmful elements between Qingqiao and Laoqiao. Besides, Forsythiae Fructus has a certain enrichment of Pb in the fruit ripening stage(Laoqiao). This study provides a reference for the quality classification and safety of Forsythiae Fructus.

Phenolic constituents from Wikstroemia chamaedaphne / 中国中药杂志

The phenolic constituents of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne were investigated by various column chromatographic methods including silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS and preparative HPLC,and their chemical structures were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral analyses. Thirteen phenolic compounds were isolated and elucidated,including five flavonoids: luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),luteolin 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),chrysoeriol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),chrysoeriol(5); and eight lignans:(-)-secoisolariciresinol(6),acanthosessilin A(7),(-)-nortrachelogenin(8),(+)-isolariciresinol(9),sesamin(10),syringaresinol(11),(+)-epipinoresinol(12),and [3,3',4,4'-tetrahydro-6,6'-dimethoxy-3,3'-bi-2 H-benzopyran]-4,4'-diol(13). Compounds 1, 3, 5-8, 10, 11 and 13 were obtained from the plants of W. chamaedaphne for the first time,and compounds 1,5,7,10 and 13 were obtained from the Wikstroemia genus for the first time.

Effect of warm acupuncture on pathological morphology and pain-induced inflammatory mediators in rats with myofascial pain trigger / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#Based on the establishment of a rat model of trigger point, this study was to intervene with warm acupuncture, and to evaluate the effect on pathological morphology and pain-induced inflammation of the rat model by microscopic pathology and microdialysis.@*METHODS@#Sixty-four SD rats were randomly divided into group A (blank control), group B (model control) and group C (model and intervention control). Groups A and B were divided into 3 groups (A0, A1, A2 and B0, B1, B2), the group C was divided into 2 groups (C1 and C2). The MTrPs model was established in both groups B and C, warm acupuncture intervention were given to the C1 group for 7 days and the C2 group for 15 days. Rats were sacrificed in batches. MTrPs were locally sampled and stained with hematoxylin-eosin after the preparation. The pathological changes were observed under light microscopy. The iocal interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E2 were detected by microdialysis technique.@*RESULTS@#Microscopically, the muscle fibers of the model were arranged disorderly, broken, twisted, local fibrosis, contracture thickening and so on; macrophage and other inflammatory cell invasion in local area and a large area of adhesion occurred on the contracture nodule, the pathological state of local muscle fibers was significantly improved after warm needle intervention, local microvascular formation and maturation, local muscle fiber repair. After successful modeling, the amount of interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E2 in group B0 was significantly higher than that in group A0 before warm needle intervention (0.05). Group C1 and B1 were significantly higher than group A1 (<0.01); warm needle intervention for 15 days, the amount of interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E2 in group C2 were lower than those in group B2 (<0.05), but those in group C2 and B2 were significantly higher than group A2 (<0.01), and the amount of interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E2 in group C2 was lower than group C1 (<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The modeling method of exercise combined hitting used in this study was proved to be effective by histopathology; warm acupuncture can improve the pathological and inflammatory state of local muscle fiber in myofascial pain trigger of rat, promote local microvascular formation and maturation, and help the trigger point local muscle fiber repair.

Biological activity and hydroxy safflor yellow A content of intermediates in preparation of Safflower Injection / 中国中药杂志

In order to investigate the effect of various production processes on the quality of Safflower Injection, the biological activities of the intermediates were evaluated by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation in vitro. Intermediates were produced by key processes, such as extraction, concentration, twice alcohol precipitation, water sedimentation and two sterilizations during the production of Safflower Injection. The content of main chemical components in intermediates was determined by HPLC. The results showed that with the advance of the preparation process of Safflower Injection, the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate of each intermediate decreased gradually, and the trend of extending APTT activity decreased first and then increased. Meanwhile, the content of hydroxy safflor yellow A (HSYA) was gradually lowered, the content of p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid was increased, and new chemical component p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was produced. In conclusion, sterilization played a key role in the biological activity and HSYA content of Safflower injection.

Optimization of method for determination of Forsythia Fructus and discussion on the establishment of quality control standard for green (old) Forsythia Fructus / 中国中药杂志

In order to obtain the optimum method for content determination of Forsythia Fructus (FF), a variety methods for the sample preparation of FF were evaluated by the content determination methods of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. And an optimum method was screened and as follows: 30 times with 70% ethanol solution in ultrasonic extractor for half an hour. The method can achieve the best effect of simultaneously extracting forsythoside A and forsythin. Then, a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of forsythoside A and forsythin was established by methodology. The HPLC chromatographic conditions: the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A)-0.4% acetic acid solution (B) with gradient elution [0-33 min，15%A，33-43 min，15%-25%A，43-60 min，25% A] was at the flow rate of 1 mL·min⁻¹, the column temperature was 25 °C, and the detection wavelength was 330 and 277 nm. Moreover, the contents of forsythoside A and forsythin for 10 Green Forsythia Fructus (GF) and 5 Old Forsythia Fructus (OF) were determined by this method and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The result not only displayed that the established method is effective, rapid, and simple, but also showed that the contents of forsythoside A and forsythin for GF and OF were significantly different. Which implied that the forsythoside A and forsythin limit standard for GF and OF should be controled by different values. This studies provide an important basis for the establishment of the content determination of FF and the quality control standard for GF and OF.

Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on cell apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus by PI3K/Akt signaling pathways / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of Hydroxychloroquine on cell apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus and its mechanisms.Methods:The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 active SLE patients and 15 healthy persons were separated for cell culture.There were four groups:control group,SLE group and HCQ 5 mg/L and HCQ 25 mg/L group.MTT was used to measure the inhibitory effect.Annexin V/PI flow cytometry was performed to analyze cell apoptosis.Western blot was used to evaluate the expressions of PI3 K,pAKt,mTOR,BCL-2,BAX and caspase-3.Besides,the PBMCs of SLE patients were treated with HCQ 25 mg/L and the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 20 μmol/L and its cell growth inhibition and apoptosis were observed.Results:Compared with the control group,the cell growth inhibition and apoptosis rate of SLE patients group were significantly increased(P＜0.05);while the cell growth inhibition and apoptosis rate of HCQ 5 mg/L and 25 mg/L were increased significantly than the SLE patients group(P＜0.05).Compared with SLE patients group,the expression levels of PI3K,pAKt,mTOR and BCL-2 of HCQ group were significantly increased while the expression of BAX and caspase-3 decreased significantly (P＜ 0.05).The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002 could block the PBMCs apoptosis of SLE patients.Conclusion:Hydroxychloroquine can promote the PBMCs apoptosis of SLE patients by PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.

Effects of sclerostin-single chain antibody fragment on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Antagonism of bone sclerosis protein can stimulate osteogenesis and increase bone synthesis and metabolism through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of sclerostin-single chain antibody fragment (Scl-scFv) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS: BMSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 mice using whole bone marrow adherence method. Alizarin red staining was performed at the 14thday of osteogenic induction, and oil red O staining performed at the 7thday of adipogenic induction. Passage 3 BMSCs were cultured with α-MEM complete medium with (experimental) or without (control) 50 μg/L Scl-scFv aScl-scFv. Real-time PCR was used to detect type 1 collagen, alkaline phosphatase, RUNX2, osteopontin, osteocalcin at the 7thday of culture and meanwhile, alkaline phosphatase staining was done; western blot assay was used to detect expression of type 1 collagen and osteopontin proteins, and ELISA was used to detect the level of osteocalcin in the cell supernatant at 4, 7, 10 days of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Formation of calcium nodules and orangered oil droplets was obviously visible in the BMSCs after osteogenic and adipogenic induction, respectively. Over time, the absorbance value showed no difference between the experimental and control group. Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significant increases in mRNA and protein expression of type 1 collagen and osteopontin as well as in protein expression of alkaline phosphatase, RUNX2 and osteocalcin (P < 0.05). Moreover, stronger alkaline phosphatase staining was found in the experimental group relative to the control group. These findings indicate that Scl-scFv has no effect on BMSCs proliferation,but can promote the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs in vitro.

Sclerostin: a new hope for the treatment of osteoporosis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Sclerostin has been shown to promote bone formation and decrease bone resorption,which provides a new idea for the treatment of osteoporosis.OBJECTIVE:To review the literatures related to sclerostin and osteoporosis,thereby providing theoretical basis for sclerostin applied in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis,so as to improve the diagnosis and curative efficacy of osteoporosis.METHODS:PubMed database was searched using the keywords of "osteoporosis,sclerostin,sclerosteosis,Wnt/β-catenin,LRP5/6,sclerostin antibody,sclerostin and expertise,romosozumab,blosozumab".Finally,58 pertinent articles were enrolled for analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Sclerostin inhibits bone formation,so anti-sclerostin antibody is utilized,and animal experiments and clinical trials have shown that it can promote bone formation and inhibit bone reaorption.Phase Ⅲ trial results potentially signify a significant step in achieving market approval,which support the preclinical and clinical emergence of sclerostin antibody therapies for both osteoporosis and alternative applications.The serum level of sclerostin is found to be closely related to lifestyle,but still need to be studied in depth.Increasing trial results show that sclerostin is the promising therapeutic candidate,which provides a new direction in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Cycloartane triterpenoid and its glucoside isolated from Cassia occidentalis / 中国天然药物

In the present study, one new cycloartane triterpenoid, named cycloccidentalic acid C (1) and its glucoside, cycloccidentaliside VI (2) were isolated from the whole plant of Cassia occidentalis. Their structures were elucidated by a combinational analyses of 1D and 2D NMR data and HRMS. Compound 2 showed modest anti-HIV-1 activity with EC value of 1.44 μmol·L and TI (Therapeutic Index) value of 15.59.

The progress in clinical application of procalcitonin / 医学研究生学报

Procalcionin ( PCT) is a soluble protein liberated into the circulation of patients in response to severe systemic in-fection, in particular by bacterial infection.It is used as the most accurate biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis.This review briefly de-scribes the induction of PCT, the comparison of PCT and other markers of sepsis, the application of PCT measurement in confirmation or exclusion of diagnosis of sepsis, the assessment of severity and treatment effectiveness of systemic infection, the application of PCT in guiding individual and specific treatment of antibiotics, and the anormaly situation of elevated levels of PCT in patients who do not have sepsis.

Simultaneous determination of four coumaroylspermidine constituents in Carthamus tinctorius by HPLC-DAD / 中国中药杂志

The HPLC-DAD method was established to simultaneously determine the contents of four coumaroylspermidine[ N1, N5, N10-(Z)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine (1), N1, N5-(Z)-N10-(E)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine (2), N1(E)-N5-(Z)-N10-(E)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine (3), and N1, N5, N10-(E)-tri-p-coumaroyl-spermidine (4) ] in Carthamus tinctorius. The method was performed on an Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) eluted with 47% methanol in an isocratic program. The flow rate was 1 mL•min⁻¹; the injection volume was 10 μL, and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The detective wavelength was 270, 280, 290, and 300 nm, respectively. Four coumaroylspermidine constituents showed a good linearity in the range of 0.002 1-0.041 6 (r=0.999 5), 0.002 6-0.051 2 (r=0.999 7), 0.002 7-0.054 0 (r=0.999 8) g•L⁻¹, and 0.005 0-0.100 4 (r=0.999 8) g•L⁻¹, respectively. The average recoveries of these four coumaroylspermidine constituents were in the range of 98.61%-100.9% (RSD 2.3%-3.0%). In conclusion, the method is simple, rapid, and sensitive, which could be used as a quantitative determination method for the four coumaroylspermidine components in C.tinctorius.

Reproducibility of Perfusion Parameters of Optic Disc and Macula in Rhesus Monkeys by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography is a novel technique by which we can detect the local perfusion of fundus directly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of optic disc and macular flow perfusion parameters in rhesus monkeys using OCT angiography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen healthy monkeys (18 eyes) were subjected to optic disc and macula flow index measurements via a high-speed and high-resolution spectral-domain OCT XR Avanti with a split-spectrum amplitude de-correlation angiography algorithm. Right eye was imaged 3 times during the first examination and once during each of the two following examinations. The intra-visit and inter-visit intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were both determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average flow indices of the four optic disc area layers were 0.171 ± 0.009 (optic nerve head), 0.015 ± 0.004 (vitreous), 0.052 ± 0.009 (radial peripapillary capillary), and 0.167 ± 0.011 (choroid). Average flow indices of the four macula area layers were 0.044 ± 0.011 (superficial retina), 0.036 ± 0.011 (deep retina), 0.016 ± 0.009 (outer retina), and 0.155 ± 0.013 (choroid). Intra-visit (ICC value: 0.821-0.954) and inter-visit (ICC value: 0.844-0.899) repeatability were both high.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The study is about the reproducibility of optic disc and macular perfusion parameters as measured by OCT angiography in healthy rhesus monkeys. Flow index measurement reproducibility is high for both the optic disc and macula of normal monkey eyes. OCT angiography might be a useful technique to assess changes when examining monkeys with experimental ocular diseases.</p>

Efficacy of acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking on the content of serum prostaglandin F2α, and plasma arginine vasopressin in patients with menstrual headache / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking for menstrual headache and to discuss its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-five patients with menstrual headache were randomly divided into an observation group (43 cases) and a control group (42 cases). The observation group was treated with body acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking and the control group was treated with flunarizine hydrochloride capsules orally. The treatments of 3 menstrual cycles were required. The clinical efficacy was observed in the two groups. The content of serum prostaglandin F2α, (PGF2α) and plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the menstrual periods of some patients randomly selected in the two groups was tested before and after treatment and was compared with that of 20 cases in a normal group. Results The total effective rate was 95.4% (41/43) in the observation group which was obviously superior to 81.0% (34/42) in the control group (P<0.01). Before treatment, the content of serum PGF2α and plasma AVP of patients in the two groups was higher than that in the normal group (all P<0.01). After treatment,the content of serum PGF2α and plasma AVP was lower than that before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). The content of serum PGF2α in the observation group was decreased significantly compared with that in the control group (P<0.05) and returned to the level of the normal group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Body acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking achieves positive efficacy for menstrual headache and its mechanism could be related to regulating the abnormal levels of serum PGF2α and plasma AVP.</p>

A new Amaryllidaceae alkaloid from the bulbs of Lycoris radiata / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of the bulbs of Lycoris radiata.@*METHODS@#The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques, and the chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. In addition, the antiviral activities of alkaloids 1-10 were evaluated using flu virus A.@*RESULTS@#One new homolycorine-type alkaloid 2α-methoxy-6-O-ethyloduline (1), together with nine known alkaloids 2α-methoxy-6-O-methyloduline (2), trispherine (3), 8-O-demethylhomolycorine (4), homolycorine (5), 9-O-demethylhomolycorine (6), oduline (7), lycorenine (8), 6α-O-methyllycorenine (9) and O-ethyllycorenine (10) were obtained.@*CONCLUSION@#Alkaloid 1 is a new compound, and 1-3 were major alkaloids in this plant. Alkaloids 1-3 showed weak antiviral activities against flu virus A with IC50 values of 2.06, 0.69, and 2.71 μg·mL-1 and CC50 values of 14.37, 4.79, and 80.12 μg·mL-1, respectively.

The diagnostic value of rSj26-Sj32-IgG-ELISA for acute schistosomiasis japonica / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To study the diagnostic value of rSj26-Sj32-IgG-ELISA for acute schistosomiasis japonica. Methods Purified rSj26-Sj32 fusion protein and crude Schistosoma japonicum antigen (SjAWA)were used to establish IgG-ELISA to detect serum of patients with acute schistosomiasis, and clonorchiasis sinensis,paragonimiasis westermani, alveolar echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis, type B hepatitis, lung tuberculosis patients and healthy human serum were used as control. Results The sensitivity and specialty were 90.00%(45/50) ,97.67% (42/43) and 92.00% (46/50),97.67% (42/43) in detection of acute schistosomiasis japonica with rSj26-Sj32and SjAWA, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant(x2 were both 0.0, all P ＞0.05). The serum cross-reaction reactivity was 20.00%(2/10) in patients with alveolar echinococcosis with SjAWA,but no cross-reaction with rSj26-Sj32, the difference was not statistically significant(x2 = 0.5, P ＞ 0.05). The serum cross-reactivity were 14.29% (3/21 ), 7.69% (1/13) and 19.05% (4/21 ), 7.69% (1/13) among patients with clonorchiasis sinensis and paragonimiasis westermani by rSj26-Sj32 and SjAWA, but no cross reaction with type B hepatitis and lung tuberculosis patients, the difference was not statistically significant (x2 were both 0.0, all P ＞ 0.05). The positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and the diagnostic efficiency with acute schistosomiasis japonicum by rSj26-Sj32-IgG-ELISA and SjAWA-IgG-ELISA were 97.83% (45/46),89.36% (42/47),93.55% (87/93)and 97.87% (46/47),91.30% (42/46),94.62% (88/93), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 were both 0.0, all P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion rSj26-Sj32 fusion protein can be used for the immune diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis japonica.